Mae'r cynnwys hwn ar gael yn Saesneg yn unig.
Learning has occupied a prominent place in Chinese culture since ancient times with the philosophy and practice of K’ung Ch’iu, (c551-c479, BCE), known to the Occident as Confucius, a pervasive influence (Liu Wu-Chi 1955). The promotion of learning was the duty of Imperial officials, and this also achieved high levels of civic participation by local patrons and scholars in one of the earliest known models of public-private partnership in schooling. In pre-modern China, the defining features of learning as a cultural tradition were: the ubiquity of ideas about learning in everyday life; visible institutions of learning in the community; and knowledge dissemination among the populace.